Aeration and air–water mass transfer on stepped chutes with embankment dam slopes
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Aeration and air–water mass transfer on stepped chutes with embankment dam slopes
Stepped spillwayflows are characterised by significant free-surface aeration downstream of the inception point of air entrainment. The stepped design is advantageous for applications which require large energy dissipation and strong flow aeration. While the energy dissipation rate for embankment stepped spillways was studied previously, the optimum design for aeration and air–water mass transfe...
متن کاملFlow Resistance and Design Guidelines for Embankment Stepped Chutes
Recently the design flows of many dams have been re-evaluated, resulting in spills often larger than the original ones. In many cases, occurrence of revised flows would result in dam overtopping because of insufficient storage and spillway capacity of reservoirs. Embankment dams whilst common are more likely to fail than other dam types when overtopped in an uncontrolled manner because of breac...
متن کاملEnergy Dissipation and Residual Energy on Embankment Dam Stepped Spillways
Stepped spillways are designed to increase the rate of energy dissipation on the chute and to reduce the size of the downstream energy dissipator. It is essential to predict accurately the turbulent dissipation above the steps for large discharges per unit width corresponding to the skimming flow regime. New measurements were conducted in a large facility with a channel slope of 21.8o and a ste...
متن کاملAeration, Flow Instabilities, and Residual Energy on Pooled Stepped Spillways of Embankment Dams
Air-water flow experiments were conducted on some flat and pooled stepped spillways with slopes of 8.9° and 26.6° in transition and skimming flows. The study comprised the observations of the flow patterns, characteristic air-water flow properties, and energy dissipation performances. The air-water flow properties showed some differences in terms of interfacial velocity, bubble count rate, and ...
متن کاملSimple Design Criterion for Residual Energy on Embankment Dam Stepped Spillways
The stepped spillway design is associated with significant flow resistance and associated energy dissipation on the steps, yielding smaller, more economical downstream dissipation structures. A number of design guidelines were developed for steep stepped spillways typical of concrete gravity dams. The focus of this study is on embankment stepped spillways. A large set of air-water flow data is ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Environmental Fluid Mechanics
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1567-7419,1573-1510
DOI: 10.1007/s10652-014-9376-x